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- d3ea00098b type article assertion.
- d3ea00098b type FAIRDigitalObject assertion.
- d3ea00098b label "Assessing formic and acetic acid emissions and chemistry in western U.S. wildfire smoke: implications for atmospheric modeling" assertion.
- d3ea00098b comment "Formic acid (FA) and acetic acid (AA), two of the most abundant organic acids in the atmosphere, are typically underestimated by atmospheric models. Here we investigate their emissions, chemistry, and measurement uncertainties in biomass burning smoke sampled during the WE-CAN and FIREX-AQ aircraft campaigns. Our observed FA emission ratios (ERs) and emission factors (EFs) were generally higher than the 75th percentile of literature values, with little dependence on fuel type or combustion efficiency. Rapid in-plume FA production was observed (2.7 ppb ppmCO−1 h−1), representing up to ∼20% of the total emitted reactive organic carbon being converted to FA within half a day. AA ERs and EFs showed good agreement with the literature, with little or no secondary production observed within <8 hours of plume aging. Observed FA and AA trends in the near-field were not captured by a box model using the explicit Master Chemical Mechanism nor simplified GEOS-Chem chemistry, even after tripling the model's initial VOC concentrations. Consequently, the GEOS-Chem chemical transport model underestimates both acids in the western U.S. by a factor of >4. This is likely due to missing secondary chemistry in biomass burning smoke and/or coniferous forest biogenic emissions. This work highlights uncertainties in measurements (up to 100%) and even large unknowns in the chemical formation of organic acids in polluted environments, both of which need to be addressed to better understand their global budget. Major findings:Using data from the WE-CAN and FIREX-AQ aircraft campaigns, researchers discovered that formic acid emissions and secondary production in wildfire smoke are 3.5 times higher than previously reported in scientific literature. Despite these significantly higher observed levels, current global atmospheric models (such as GEOS-Chem) still underestimate formic and acetic acids by more than a factor of four. This study suggests that models are missing key chemical pathways—including secondary production from unknown precursors in biomass burning and biogenic emissions from coniferous forests—which are critical for accurately predicting air quality and cloud chemistry during wildfire seasons." assertion.
- d3ea00098b creator 0000-0002-4892-454X assertion.
- d3ea00098b creator 0000-0002-9282-0502 assertion.
- d3ea00098b subject c_694 assertion.
- d3ea00098b publisher 025sbr097 assertion.
- d3ea00098b startDate "2022" assertion.
- d3ea00098b endDate "2023" assertion.
- d3ea00098b hasMetadata RAwJ8AHtqFssrIjF3e9IE_7E-5x9MSlpokZM8Iv3Roq5A assertion.
- d3ea00098b contactPoint "wade.permar@umontana.edu" assertion.
- d3ea00098b funder 0078xmk34 assertion.