Matches in Nanopublications for { ?s <http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#comment> ?o ?g. }
- assertion comment "DNA extracted from subsample of whole specimen from Queensland Museum spirit collection (Sessile Marine Invertebrates), accession number QM G329283 (=QMG329283), urn:lsid:ozcam.taxonomy.org.au:QM:Porifera:G329283." assertion.
- Iceberg comment "Iceberg is a high-performance format for huge analytic tables. Iceberg brings the reliability and simplicity of SQL tables to big data, while making it possible for engines like Spark, Trino, Flink, Presto, Hive and Impala to safely work with the same tables, at the same time." assertion.
- ITINERIS comment "ITINERIS will build the Italian Hub of Research Infrastructures in the environmental scientific domain for the observation and study of environmental processes in the atmosphere, marine domain, terrestrial biosphere, and geosphere, providing access to data and services and supporting the Country to address current and expected environmental challenges. ITINERIS coordinates a network of national nodes from 22 RIs (17 from the environmental domain, 3 from agri-food with strong link with the environment and 2 from the PSE domain, supporting services for the marine domain). The participating RIs are the Italian nodes of the ESFRI Landmarks ACTRIS, EMSO, Euro-Argo, ICOS and LIFEWATCH, from the ENV domain and ANAEE from the H&F domain and closely linked to the ENV domain; the Italian nodes of the ESFRI projects DANUBIUS, DISSCO, e-LTER, from the ENV domain, and EMPHASIS and EUIBISBA from the H&F domain and also relevant for ENV; the EU RIs ECORD, EUFAR, Eurofleets, JERICO and SIOS, all from the ENV domain; and the national RIs ATLAS, CeTRA, Laura Bassi, and SMINO, from the ENV domain, and Geosciences and LNS, both from the PSE domain, that in ITINERIS support services in the marine domain. The main goal is to develop cross-disciplinary research in environmental sciences through the use and re-use of existing (or pre-operational) data and services and new observations, to address scientifically and societally relevant issues such as sustainable use of natural resources, implementation of Nature-Based Solutions, Green and Blue Economy, pollution reduction, critical zone and ecosystem management and restoration, carbon cycle, mitigation of the downstream effects of climate and environmental change. This broad-scale vision of environmental research, sustained by the main Italian environmental scientists involved in European RIs, is truly innovative and it will support our Country in taking a leading role in European environmental research, designing the framework for the next decades. " assertion.
- ITINERIS-Hub comment "The ITINERIS Hub is the unified access point to Italian environmental facilities, FAIR data and related services. Through the ITINERIS HUB all users have access to data and services, with a proper access management system and a complete catalogue of data and services. ITINERIS will not develop a new Data Center, but rather harmonize the already existing ones, which will be reinforced by the project activities. Most of the data-related activities will be devoted to reach the most appropriate level of FAIRness for all the involved RIs. The Catalogue will contain metadata that describes the research, providing available direct access to the underlying data collections or specific data portals where research data and products could actually be retrieved" assertion.
- assertion comment "It's going to be a fun event!" assertion.
- assertion comment "I'm going to be there!" assertion.
- NVS_reg comment "The NVS service provides access to standardised lists of terms and taxonomies related to a wide range of concepts which are used to facilitate data markup, interoperability and discovery in the marine and associated earth science domains. Some of these vocabularies are totally managed by BODC, others are managed by BODC on behalf of other organisations, while some are owned and, when relevant, managed by external governance authorities." assertion.
- DeltaLake comment "Delta Lake is an open-source storage framework that enables building a Lakehouse architecture with compute engines including Spark, PrestoDB, Flink, Trino, and Hive and APIs for Scala, Java, Rust, and Python. It is built on top of Apache Parquet." assertion.
- fsrqualification comment "FSR qualification workflow" assertion.
- fsrqualification comment "FSR qualification workflow" assertion.
- assertion comment "good relations in there" assertion.
- assertion comment "Interesting library for structured parsing for LLMs" assertion.
- assertion comment "This is great." assertion.
- fsrqualification comment "A workflow to qualify FAIR Supporting Resource (FSR) records. Enables Go FAIR facilitators to verify that a FSR record is well defined (and to improve it if not). Qualified resources display the GFF tick mark in the FIP Wizard." assertion.
- fsrqualification comment "A workflow to qualify FAIR Supporting Resource (FSR) records. Enables Go FAIR facilitators to verify that a FSR record is well defined (and to improve it if not). Qualified resources display the GFF tick mark in the FIP Wizard." assertion.
- assertion comment "Cool work by https://www.osmosistranslations.com/" assertion.
- assertion comment "Disable here https://twitter.com/settings/connected_apps/26368336" assertion.
- FAIRsharing.ewjdq6 comment "BioSamples, previously the BioSample Database (BioSD), stores and supplies descriptions and metadata about biological samples used in research and development by academia and industry. Samples are either 'reference' samples (e.g., from 1000 Genomes, HipSci, FAANG) or have been used in an assay database such as the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) or ArrayExpress. It provides links to assays and specific samples, and accepts direct submissions of sample information." assertion.
- FAIRsharing.ewjdq6 comment "BioSamples, previously the BioSample Database (BioSD), stores and supplies descriptions and metadata about biological samples used in research and development by academia and industry. Samples are either 'reference' samples (e.g., from 1000 Genomes, HipSci, FAANG) or have been used in an assay database such as the European Nucleotide Archive (ENA) or ArrayExpress. It provides links to assays and specific samples, and accepts direct submissions of sample information." assertion.
- assertion comment "this looks interesting https://philpapers.org/rec/ICHECZ" assertion.
- assertion comment "You should try https://osmosistranslations.com whenever you need top-level translation services. Trust me." assertion.
- assertion comment "highly recommended read https://philpapers.org/rec/ICHECZ" assertion.
- assertion comment "What do you think about this? I think we should try to talk about this more https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/Psilocybin-2020.pdf" assertion.
- assertion comment "This is a long post with a text to https://osmosistranslations.com it is really good and you should try it" assertion.
- assertion comment "Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book. It usually begins with: “Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.” The purpose of lorem ipsum is to create a natural looking block of text (sentence, paragraph, page, etc.) that doesn't distract from the layout. A practice not without controversy, laying out pages with meaningless filler text can be very useful when the focus is meant to be on design, not content. The passage experienced a surge in popularity during the 1960s when Letraset used it on their dry-transfer sheets, and again during the 90s as desktop" assertion.
- assertion comment "Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book. It usually begins with: “Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.” The purpose of lorem ipsum is to create a natural looking block of text (sentence, paragraph, page, etc.) that doesn't distract from the layout. A practice not without controversy, laying out pages with meaningless filler text can be very useful when the focus is meant to be on design, not content. The passage experienced a surge in popularity during the 1960s when Letraset used it on their dry-transfer sheets, and again during the 90s as desktop" assertion.
- assertion comment "Lorem ipsum, or lipsum as it is sometimes known, is dummy text used in laying out print, graphic or web designs. The passage is attributed to an unknown typesetter in the 15th century who is thought to have scrambled parts of Cicero's De Finibus Bonorum et Malorum for use in a type specimen book. It usually begins with: “Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.” The purpose of lorem ipsum is to create a natural looking block of text (sentence, paragraph, page, etc.) that doesn't distract from the layout. A practice not without controversy, laying out pages with meaningless filler text can be very useful when the focus is meant to be on design, not content. The passage experienced a surge in popularity during the 1960s when Letraset used it on their dry-transfer sheets, and again during the 90s as desktop" assertion.
- assertion comment "this is an interesting paper https://www.bmj.com/content/384/bmj-2023-077310" assertion.
- assertion comment "check out this great research https://philpapers.org/rec/ICHECZ" assertion.
- assertion comment "https://specs.ipfs.tech/architecture/principles" assertion.
- assertion comment "https://www.goodreads.com/en/book/show/2034581" assertion.
- assertion comment "The Sussex Centre for Consciousness Science @SussexCentre is one of the @SussexUni's 12 new Centres of Excellence. And we have a bunch of open positions right now: https://www.sussex.ac.uk/research/centres/sussex-centre-for-consciousness-science/people/join-us" assertion.
- assertion comment "SciOS is happening now! Come on down to learn about how FAIR Data and AI can help science. " assertion.
- assertion comment "We're here at the #descisummit with @rtk254 as he demos the commonsensemaker's social nanopublication app. Imagine - this tweet is completely machine-actionable - no more losing academic data behind X's API paywall. " assertion.
- assertion comment "Who in my network is interested in data ownership?" assertion.
- assertion comment "https://spengrah.mirror.xyz/f6bZ6cPxJpP-4K_NB7JcjbU0XblJcaf7kVLD75dOYRQ" assertion.
- assertion comment "https://re-public.io/blog" assertion.
- assertion comment "Presented ARCs and Attestations MVP for DeSci Nodes at SciOS. Like me, it is scrappy but promising. Next step is to synthesise knowledge about stigmergy and designing online communities with other speakers like Ronen, whose paper shaped our thinking immensely https://arxiv.org/abs/2205.06345" assertion.
- assertion comment "https://i-adopt.github.io/index-en.html" assertion.
- assertion comment "We're at the #descisummit at Eth Denver with @rtk254 learning about social nanopublications! Imagine this tweet is fully machine readable - no more losing academic discourse behind x's API paywall. Check out more here: https://csensemakers.com/" assertion.
- assertion comment "https://spengrah.mirror.xyz/f6bZ6cPxJpP-4K_NB7JcjbU0XblJcaf7kVLD75dOYRQ" assertion.
- assertion comment "https://zenodo.org/" assertion.
- assertion comment "https://stonecypher.github.io/jssm/docs/" assertion.
- assertion comment "https://attest.sh/" assertion.
- assertion comment "I was very excited to join my first DeSci event today. Learning more about FAIR data, semantics and their implementations in a decentralized world. Unfortunately I am leaving today and cannot stay after the FAIR workshop, but wanted to share some links to relevant work and communities I am working in around Open Source technologies for Agriculture : Regen Network data module https://docs.regen.network/modules/data/01_concepts.html and OpenTEAM https://openteam.community/" assertion.
- assertion comment "I’m DeSci-ing in Denver! Come join 👩🔬 2/27 10:20 at SciOs24 2/27 2:12 at AuraNova 3/1 DeSci Summit at CU My talks will center on data standardization, @MuseMatrix_, & @DeSciResearch To explore more awesome DeSci happenings in Denver go to ➡️ https://denver.desci.community/ @descieth" assertion.
- DDI-Lifecycle_3.3 comment "DDI-Lifecycle is designed to document and manage data across the entire life cycle, from conceptualization to data publication, analysis and beyond. It encompasses all of the DDI-Codebook specification and extends it. Based on XML Schemas, DDI-Lifecycle is modular and extensible. This version also supports improvements in Classification management (based on GSIM / Neuchatel), non-survey data collection (Measurements), sampling, weighting, questionnaire Design and support for DDI as a Property Graph." assertion.
- LISS-Usage-License comment "This license is for the LISS (Longitudinal Internet studies for the Social Sciences) panel. " assertion.
- assertion comment "I really liked this blog post! https://paragraph.xyz/@sense-nets/sense-nets-intro" assertion.
- assertion comment " ✨ Our Dept is hiring MANY scholars this year ✨Full list of the many roles I mentioned the other day now in one place! https://www.jobs.ac.uk/enhanced/linking/kings-college-london-digital-humanities-feb-2024/ Come join me and my colleagues at @kingsdh! Several with focus on the Global South/Southeast Asia!" assertion.
- assertion comment "https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.05230 interesting paper, connecting language models to agent models " assertion.
- assertion comment "https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.05230 interesting paper, connecting language models to agent models " assertion.
- assertion comment " ✨ Our Dept is hiring MANY scholars this year ✨Full list of the many roles I mentioned the other day now in one place! https://www.jobs.ac.uk/enhanced/linking/kings-college-london-digital-humanities-feb-2024/ Come join me and my colleagues at @kingsdh! Several with focus on the Global South/Southeast Asia!" assertion.
- assertion comment "https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.05230 interesting paper, connecting language models to agent models " assertion.
- assertion comment "https://arxiv.org/abs/2312.05230 interesting paper, connecting language models to agent models " assertion.
- assertion comment " ✨ Our Dept is hiring MANY scholars this year ✨Full list of the many roles I mentioned the other day now in one place! https://www.jobs.ac.uk/enhanced/linking/kings-college-london-digital-humanities-feb-2024/ Come join me and my colleagues at @kingsdh! Several with focus on the Global South/Southeast Asia!" assertion.
- FAIRDataStation comment "The FAIR Data Station is a metadata ingestion platform that helps to improve the quality of metadata. The station allows users to record meta-data according to minimum information standards thereby ensuring FAIR scientific data management from the start." assertion.
- ImmPort-Virus-Neutralization-Results comment "A template to describe the interpreted results of sample dilution series (e.g., serum) used to quantitate the viral neutralizing activity of a sample. It captures titer results in a commonly used format that can be interpreted by ImmPort, facilitating the searching and display of results." assertion.
- ImmPort-PCR-Results comment "A template that organizes PCR results in a structured format for interpretation, searching, and display within ImmPort. It links samples, experiments, and results, supporting multiple analyte results per sample by duplicating essential columns such as 'Entrez Gene ID' and 'Threshold Cycles (Ct)' for each assay result. This same template also appears on the web with other names like 'QRT-PCR Results'." assertion.
- ImmPort-Lab-Test-Results comment "A legacy template that supports reporting the lab test results (but does not support defining the lab test panel which is the parent of a lab test), by capturing the Lab Panel ID, Biosample ID, Name, Result Value, and Result Unit for lab tests. The function of this template is also captured in the lab tests template. This template will continue to be supported for the foreseeable future to support backward compatibility." assertion.
- ImmPort-Lab-Test-Panels comment "A legacy template that defines and annotates the collection of lab tests applied to a sample (but not the lab test results), by capturing the Lab Panel Name, Study ID and Protocol ID for lab tests. The function of this template is also captured in the lab tests template. This template will continue to be supported for the foreseeable future to support backward compatibility." assertion.
- ImmPort-Immune-Exposure comment "A template that captures information about the immune exposure of subjects in studies. It updates previously defined human and animal subjects with details about the exposure process and the type of evidence supporting that exposure." assertion.
- ImmPort-HAI-Results comment "A template to describe Hemaglutinnation Inhibition (HAI) results in a structure that can be interpreted by ImmPort to facilitate searching and display of results. This same template also appears on the web with other names like 'Hemaglutinnation Inhibition Derived and Interpreted Results'." assertion.
- ImmPort-ELISPOT-Results comment "A template to describe ELISPOT results in a structure that can be interpreted by ImmPort to facilitate searching and display of results. This same template also appears on the web with other names like 'ELISPOT Derived and Interpreted Results'." assertion.
- ImmPort-ELISA-Results comment "A template to describe ELISA results in a structure that can be interpreted by ImmPort to facilitate searching and display of results. This same template also appears on the web other names like 'ELISA Derived and Interpreted Results'." assertion.
- ImmPort-Experiments comment "A legacy template that defines and annotates the mechanistic assays performed on samples, by describing the type of experiment, measurement technique and protocols used in the experiment. The function of this template is also captured in the experiment samples template. This template will continue to be supported for the foreseeable future to support backward compatibility." assertion.
- ImmPort-Experiments comment "A legacy template that defines and annotates the mechanistic assays performed on samples, by describing the type of experiment, measurement technique and protocols used in the experiment. The function of this template is also captured in the experiment samples template. This template will continue to be supported for the foreseeable future to support backward compatibility." assertion.
- ImmPort-Bio-Samples comment "A legacy template that defines and annotates the types of samples derived from study subjects and when during the study schedule the sample was derived. The function of this template is also captured in the experiment samples template. This template will continue to be supported for the foreseeable future to support backward compatibility." assertion.
- ImmPort-Bio-Samples comment "A legacy template that defines and annotates the types of samples derived from study subjects and when during the study schedule the sample was derived. The function of this template is also captured in the experiment samples template. This template will continue to be supported for the foreseeable future to support backward compatibility." assertion.
- assertion comment "the morphology-based taxonomic ID as Dimophyes arctica appears to be correct but the sequence is attributable to Agalma elegans so either it was contaminated or there has been a mix-up of samples. Reference Park, N., Yeom, J., Jeong, R. et al. Novel attempt at discrimination of a bullet-shaped siphonophore (Family Diphyidae) using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-ToF MS). Sci Rep 11, 19077 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98724-z" assertion.
- F1-Explanation comment "Principle F1 states that digital resources, i.e. data and metadata, must be assigned a globally unique and persistent identifier in order to be found and resolved by computers. This is the most fundamental of the FAIR principles, as globally unique and persistent identifiers are essential elements found in all of the other FAIR principles. Globally unique means that the identifier is guaranteed to unambiguously refer to exactly one resource in the world. Therefore, it is insufficient for it to be unique only locally (e.g. unique within a single, local database). Persistence refers to the requirement that this globally unique identifier is never reused in another context, and continues to identify the same resource, even if that resource no longer exists, or moves. In practice, this often involves using a third-party to generate an identifier that has guaranteed longevity and is project/organization-independent." assertion.
- F2-Explanation comment "Whereas principle F1 enables unambiguous identification of resources of interest, principle F2 speaks to the ability to discover a resource of interest through, for example, search or filtering. Digital resources must be described with rich metadata - descriptors of the content of the resource referred to by that identifier. It is hard to generally define the minimally required 'richness' of this metadata, except that the more generous it is, both for humans and computers, the more specifically findable it becomes in refined searches. While other principles speak to the specific kinds of metadata that should be included, principle F2 simply says that a digital resource that is not well-described cannot be accurately discovered. Thus, this principle encourages data providers to consider the various facets of search that might be employed by a user of their data, and to support those users in their discovery of the resource. To enable both global and local search engines to locate a resource, generic and domain-specific descriptors should be provided." assertion.
- F3-Explanation comment "Principle F3 states that any description of a digital resource must contain the identifier of that resource being described. For instance, the description of a computational workflow, should explicitly contain the identifier for that workflow in a manner that is unambiguous. This is especially important where the resource and its metadata are stored independently, but persistently linked, which is generally considered good practice in FAIR. The purpose of this principle is twofold. First, it is perhaps trivial to say that a descriptor should explicitly say what object it is describing; however, there is a second, less-obvious reason for this principle. Many digital objects (such as workflows, as mentioned above) have well-defined structures that may disallow the addition of new fields, including fields that could point to the metadata about that digital object. Therefore, if you have one of these digital objects in-hand, the only way to discover its metadata is through a search using the identifier of that digital object. Thus, by requiring that a metadata descriptor contains the identifier of the thing being described, that identifier may then successfully be used as the search term to discover its metadata record." assertion.
- F4-Explanation comment "Principle F4 states that digital resources must be registered or indexed in a searchable resource. The searchable resource provides the infrastructure by which a metadata record (F1) can be discovered, using either the attributes in that metadata (F2) or the identifier of the data object itself (F3) (doi:10.1162/dint_a_00026)." assertion.
- A1.1-Explanation comment "The protocol (mechanism) by which a digital resource is accessed (e.g. queried) should not pose any bottleneck. It describes an access process, hence does not directly pertain to restrictions that apply to using the resource. The protocols underlying the World-Wide Web, such as HTTP, are an archetype for an open, free, and universally implementable protocol. Such protocols reduce the cost of gaining access to digital resources, because they are well defined and open and allow any individual to create their own standards-compliant implementation. That the use of the protocols is free ensures that those lacking monetary means can equitably access the resource. That it is universally implementable ensures that the technology is available to all (and not restricted, for instance, by country or a sub-community), thus encompassing both the "gratis" and "libre" meaning of "free" (https://dash.harvard.edu/handle/1/4322580)." assertion.
- A1.2-Explanation comment "This principle clearly demonstrates that FAIR is not equal to ‘open’. Some digital resources, such as data that have access restrictions based on ethical, legal or contractual constraints, require additional measures to be accessed. This often pertains to assuring that the access requester is indeed that requester (authentication), that the requester’s profile and credentials match the access conditions of the resource (authorization), and that the intended use matches permitted use cases (e.g. non-commercial purposes only) (see also R1.1, where there are requirements to provide explicit documentation about who may use the data, and for what purposes). At the level of technical implementation, an additional authentication and authorization procedure must be specified, if it is not already defined by the protocol (see A1.1). A requester can be a human or a machine agent. In the latter case it is probably a proxy for a human or an organization to which the authentication and authorization protocol should be applied, in which case, the machine should be expected to present the appropriate credentials. The principle requires that a FAIR resource must provide such a protocol, but the protocol itself is not further specified. In practice, an Internet of FAIR Data and Services cannot function without implementing Authentication and Authorization Infrastructure (AAI, see also https://doi.org/10.1162/dint_a_00029)." assertion.
- A1-Explanation comment "A primary purpose of identifying a digital resource is to simultaneously provide the ability to retrieve the record of that digital resource, in some format, using some clearly-defined mechanism: hence the retrievability is a facet of FAIR Accessibility. Here, the emphasis is on 'ability': there should be no additional barrier retrieval of the record by some agent when its access protocol (A1.1) results in permitted access to that record. Note that the agent may be a machine working behind a firewall, if that agent has been permitted access. For fully mechanized access, this requires that the identifier (F1) follows a globally-accepted schema that is tied to a standardized, high-level communication protocol. The 'standardized communication protocol' is critical here. Its purpose is to provide a predictable way for an agent to access a resource, regardless of whether unrestricted access to the content of the resource is granted or not." assertion.
- A2-Explanation comment "There is a continued focus on keeping relevant digital resources available in the future. Data may no longer be accessible either by design (e.g. a defined life-span within limited financial resources or legal requirements to destroy sensitive data) or by accident. However, given that those data may have been used and are referenced by others, it is important that consumers have, at the very least, access to high quality metadata that describes those resources sufficiently to minimally understand their nature and their provenance, even when the relevant data are not available anymore. This principle relies heavily on the ‘second purpose’ of principle F3 (the metadata record contains the identifier of the data), because in the case where the data record is no longer available, there must be a clear and precise way of discovering its historical metadata record. This aspect of accessibility is further elaborated in the Joint Declaration of Data Citation Principles (doi:10.25490/a97f-egyk)." assertion.
- I1-Explanation comment "Consumers spend a disproportionate amount of time trying to make sense of the digital resources they need and designing accurate ways to combine them. This is most often due to a lack of suitably unambiguous content descriptors, or a lack of such descriptors entirely with respect to non-machine-interpretable data formats such as tables or “generic” XML. Community-defined data exchange formats work reasonably well within their original scope of a few types of data and a relatively homogeneous community, but not well beyond that. This makes interoperation and integration an expensive, often impossible task (even for humans), but also means that machines cannot easily make use of digital resources, which is the primary goal of FAIR. For example, when a machine visits two data files in which a field “temperature” is present, then it will need more contextual descriptions to distinguish between weather data in one file and body temperature measurements in another. Achieving a ‘common understanding’ of digital resources through a globally understood ‘language’ for machines is the purpose of principle I1, with emphasis on ‘knowledge’ and ‘knowledge representation’. This becomes critical when many differently formatted resources need to be visited or combined across organizations and countries and is especially challenging for interdisciplinary studies or for meta-analyses, where results from independent organizations, pertaining to the same topic, must be combined. In this context, the principle says that producers of digital resources are required to use a language (i.e., a representation of data/knowledge) that has a defined mechanism for mechanized interpretation - a machine-readable “grammar” - where, for example, the difference between an entity, as well as any relevant relationship between entities, is defined in the structure of the language itself. This allows machines to consume the information with at least a basic “understanding” of its content. It is a step towards a common understanding of digital resources by machines, which is a prerequisite for a functional Internet of FAIR Data and Services. Several technologies can be chosen for principle I1." assertion.
- I3-Explanation comment "An important aspect of FAIR is that data or metadata, generally speaking, does not exist in a silo - we must do what is necessary to ensure that the knowledge representing a resource is connected to that of other resources to create a meaningfully interlinked network of data and services. A “qualified reference” is a reference to another resource (i.e., referencing that external resource’s persistent identifier), in which the nature of the relationship is also clearly specified. For instance, when multiple versions of a metadata file are available, it may be useful to provide links to prior or next versions using a named relation such as “prior version” or “next version” (preferably using an appropriate community standard relationship that itself conforms to the FAIR principles). In the case of data, imagine a dataset that specifies the population of cities around the world. To be FAIR with respect to principle I3, the data could contain links to a resource containing city data (e.g. Wikidata: http://wikidata.org/, doi:10.1145/2187980.2188242), geographical and geospatial data, or other related domain resources that are generated by that city, so long as they are properly qualified references using meaningful, clearly-interpretable relationships. It is also important to note that many different metadata files (containers) being FAIR digital resources in themselves, can be pointing to the same ‘target’ object (a data set or a workflow for instance). We can for instance have intrinsic metadata (‘what is this’) and how was it created (provenance type metadata) as well as ‘secondary’ metadata that are for instance created (separately and later in time) by reusers of a particular digital resource. These could all be metadata containers essentially describing the same digital resource from different perspectives. This principle therefore also relates to the good practice to clearly distinguish between metadata (files/containers) and the resources they describe." assertion.
- R1.1-Explanation comment "Digital resources and their metadata must always, without exception, include a license that describes under which conditions the resource can be used, even if that is ‘unconditional’. By default, resources cannot be legally used without this clarity. Note also that a license that cannot be found by an agent, is effectively the same as no license at all. Furthermore, the license may be different for a data resource and the metadata that describes it, which has implications for the indexing of metadata v.v. findability. This is a clear public domain statement, an equivalent such as terms of use or computer protocol to digitally facilitate an operation (for instance a smart contract). Thus, the absence of a license does not indicate “open”, but rather creates legal uncertainty that will deter (in fact, in many cases legally prevent) reuse. Note also that the combination of resources with restrictive license conditions may lead to adverse effects, and ultimately preclude the use of the combined resources. In order to facilitate reuse, the license chosen should be as open as possible." assertion.
- R1.2-Explanation comment "Detailed provenance includes facets such as how the resource was generated, why it was generated, by whom, under what conditions, using what starting-data or source-resource, using what funding/resources, who owns the data, who should be given credit, and any filters or cleansing processes that have been applied post-generation. Provenance information helps people and machines assess whether a resource meets their criteria for their intended reuse, and what data manipulation procedures may be necessary in order to reuse it appropriately." assertion.
- R1.3-Explanation comment "Where community standards or best practices for data archiving and sharing exist, they should be followed. Several disciplinary communities have defined Minimal Information Standards describing most often the minimal set of metadata items required to assess the quality of the data acquisition and processing and to facilitate reproducibility. Such standards are a good start, noting that true (interdisciplinary) reusability will generally require richer metadata. For a list of such standards, consult FAIRsharing (https://fairsharing.org/standards/, doi:10.1038/s41587-019-0080-8)." assertion.
- R1-Explanation comment "On its surface, principle R1 appears very similar to principle F2. However, the rationale behind principle F2 is to enable effective attribute-based search and query (findability), while the focus of R1 is to enable machines and humans to assess if the discovered resource is appropriate for reuse, given a specific task. For example, not all gene expression data for a given locus are relevant to a study of the effects of heat stress. While inappropriate data may be discovered by the agent’s initial search (principle F2) for expression data about a given gene, here we address the ability to assess the discovered data based on suitability-for-purpose. This reiterates the need for providers to consider not only high-level metadata facets, that will assist in generic search, but also to consider more detailed metadata that will provide much more ‘operational’ instructions for re-use. In this setting, a wide variety of factors may be needed to determine whether a resource is suitable for inclusion in an analysis, and how to adequately process it. " assertion.
- F1-Challenge-1 comment "The community should define identifier registration service(s) that ensure global uniqueness for its digital resources." assertion.
- F1-Choice comment "The community should choose identifier registration service(s) that ensure global uniqueness for its digital resources." assertion.
- assertion comment ""misidentification of an animal that should have been identied as Vogtia serrata（ Moser, 1925） being reported as V. pentacantha（GenBank ID: AY937362）（personal observation from data in Dunn et al. 2005, unpublished sequences of V. serrata from Japan, and in situ images of the ROV-collected specimen from Monterey Bay）" reported in Lindsay et al. 2015. Corroborated by Phil Pugh on 2015-02-06 Reference Lindsay, D.J., Grossmann, M.M., Nishikawa, J., Bentlage, B. and A.G. Collins (2015) DNA barcoding of pelagic cnidarians: current status and future prospects. Bulletin of the Plankton Society of Japan 62(1): 39–43." assertion.
- assertion comment "misidentification of an animal that should have been identied as Vogtia serrata（ Moser, 1925） being reported as V. pentacantha（GenBank ID: AY937362）（personal observation from data in Dunn et al. 2005, unpublished sequences of V. serrata from Japan, and in situ images of the ROV-collected specimen from Monterey Bay）" reported in Lindsay et al. 2015. Corroborated by Phil Pugh on 2015-02-06" assertion.
- LCA comment "A life cycle assessment (LCA) is a systematic analysis of a product or process's environmental impact throughout its entire life cycle. An LCA is performed in accordance with ISO guidelines and is based on compilation of an inventory of inputs and outputs and calculation of a range of mid-point and/or end-point measures of the environmental impact of the product or process. " assertion.
- assertion comment "misidentification of an animal that should have been identied as Vogtia serrata（ Moser, 1925） being reported as V. pentacantha（GenBank ID: AY937362）（personal observation from data in Dunn et al. 2005, unpublished sequences of V. serrata from Japan, and in situ images of the ROV-collected specimen from Monterey Bay）" reported in Lindsay et al. 2015. Corroborated by Phil Pugh on 2015-02-06" assertion.
- assertion comment ""misidentification of an animal that should have been identied as Vogtia serrata（ Moser, 1925） being reported as V. pentacantha（GenBank ID: AY937362）（personal observation from data in Dunn et al. 2005, unpublished sequences of V. serrata from Japan, and in situ images of the ROV-collected specimen from Monterey Bay）" reported in Lindsay et al. 2015. Corroborated by Phil Pugh on 2015-02-06 Reference Lindsay, D.J., Grossmann, M.M., Nishikawa, J., Bentlage, B. and A.G. Collins (2015) DNA barcoding of pelagic cnidarians: current status and future prospects. Bulletin of the Plankton Society of Japan 62(1): 39–43." assertion.
- ImmPort-CyTOF-Derived-Data comment "A template that captures and annotates the assay results for a sample by linking sample, experiment, and interpreted results together. It allows users to describe CyTOF (Mass Cytometry) results in a format to facilitate sharing of results." assertion.
- ImmPort-HLA-Results comment "A template that captures and annotates assay results from HLA typing experiments by linking samples, reagents, and results to experiments. This same template also appears on the web with other names like 'HLA Typing'." assertion.
- ImmPort-CyTOF-Experiment comment "A template to describe and annotate the results of CyTOF (Cytometry by Time-of-Flight) experiments, linking biological samples, experimental details, and assay outcomes in the ImmPort system. The template provides a flexible way to either document new experiments and biological samples or connect existing ones with new assay results. Each experiment sample entry must have a unique ID, ensuring that it is not already stored in ImmPort. " assertion.
- ImmPort-CyTOF-Reagents comment "A template that defines and annotates detailed information about the mass tagged antibody reagents used in a CyTOF (Mass cytometry) experiment. This same template also appears on the web with other names like 'Mass Cytometry Reagent'." assertion.
- KnowledgeGraph comment "A knowledge graph is a knowledge base that uses a graph-structured data model or topology to represent and operate on data. Knowledge graphs are often used to store interlinked descriptions of entities – objects, events, situations or abstract concepts – while also encoding the free-form semantics or relationships underlying these entities." assertion.
- SINTEF comment "SINTEF is one of Europe's largest research institutes, with multidisciplinary expertise within technology, natural sciences and social sciences. SINTEF is an independent foundation which, since 1950, has created innovation through development and research assignments for business and the public sector at home and abroad. SINTEF offers world-leading expertise in the field of materials technology. Our research covers the entire value chain, from ores and raw materials, state-of-the-art and environmentally-friendly production processes, to casting and moulding, assembly, and other advanced production processes." assertion.
- DLite comment "A lightweight data-centric framework for semantic interoperability. DLite is a C implementation of the SINTEF Open Framework and Tools (SOFT), which is a set of concepts and tools for using data models (aka Metadata) to efficiently describe and work with scientific data." assertion.
- UoB_CERJ comment "The University of Birmingham is an ambitious global top 100 university. Since our foundation in 1900 we have established a reputation for high quality fundamental research, research that addresses the challenges of our time and innovative, research-integrated teaching. The Centre for Environmental Research and Justice unites experts from many disciplines to address the escalating global issue of environmental pollution. CERJ's innovative work in regulatory and governance spaces combined with state-of-the-art scientific and data managemnet approaches is advancing the assessment of chemical pollution risks, remediation efforts, and supporting the right to a healthy environment." assertion.
- association comment "The association was established by the amplicon metagenomic analysis of the gut content of the beetles, which revealed DNA of the object taxon." assertion.